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Abrams, P., et al. (2002) The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function. Neurourology and Urodynamics; 21: 167-178.

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Barclay, L., Vega, C. (15.11.2005) Sacral Nerve Stimulation appears helpful for fecal incontinence. Medscape Medical News. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/516975 (Accessed 04.12.2006) Requires (free) registration

Barroso, J.C.V. et al (2003) Transvaginal electrical stimulation in the treatment of urinary incontinence. BJU International; 93: 319-323.

Berghmans, B., et al. (2004) Adult conservative management. Abrams, et al (eds) Third International Consultation on Incontinence, ICUD 2004: Monaco; II, 855-964.

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Blisss, D., et al. (2004) Management with continence products. Abrams, et al (eds) Third International Consultation on Incontinence, ICUD 2004: Monaco; I, 149-964.

Bourcier, A., et al. (2004) Pathophysiology of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Abrams, et al (eds) Third International Consultation on Incontinence, ICUD 2004: Monaco; 1, 423-484.

Cheetham, M.J., et al. (2001) Topical phenylephrine increases anal canal resting pressure in patients with faecal incontinence. Gut 2001; 48: 356-359. Abstract: http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/48/3/356 (full article accessed 24.10.2006)

Coyne, K.S. et al. (2003) The impact on health-related quality of life of stress, urge and mixed urinary incontinence. BJU International; 92: 731-735.

Dallosso, H. (2001) Lower urinary tract symptoms: why incidence rates are vital. Nursing Times; 97: 20. http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursingtimes/pages/ lowerurinarytractsymptomswhyincidenceratesarevital (Accessed 04.12.2006) Requires registration.

Denis, L. et al. Continence promotion: prevention, education and organisation. Abrams, et al (eds) Third International Consultation on Incontinence, ICUD 2004; Monaco: 1, p43.

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Fantl, J.A., et al. (1996) Urinary incontinence in adults: acute and chronic management. Clinical Practice Guideline no. 2. March 1996. US Department of Health and Human Services: USA.

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Haslam, H. (2005) Urinary incontinence: why women do not ask for help. Nursing Times; 101: 47. http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursingtimes/pages/ urinaryincontinencewhywomendonotaskforhelp (Accessed 04.12.2006) Requires registration.

Health Technology Literature Review. (March 2005) Sacral Nerve Stimulation for urinary urge incontinence, urgency-frequency, urinary retention, and fecal incontinence. Medical Advisory Secretariat. Ministry of Health and Long-term Care. Ontario. http://www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/ program/mas/tech/reviews/sum_sns_030105.html (Accessed 04.12.2006)

Hunskaar, S., Lose, et al. (2003) Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in women in four European countries, 2002. International Continence Society: UK. Link to PDF: http://www.icsoffice.org/publications/2002/pdf/257.pdf (Accessed 28.11.2006)

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Irwin, D., Milsom, I. et al. Impact of overactive bladder symptoms on employment, social interactions and emotional wellbeing in six European countries. British Journal of Urology International: 2005; 97, 96-100. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05889.x (Accessed 28.11.2005)

Jarret, M.E.D. et al. Systematic review of sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation. British Journal of Surgery 2004; 91: 1559-1569. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-
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Jonas, U. Ed. (2002) New perspectives in Sacral Nerve Stimulation. London: Martin Dunitz.

Mastrigt van, R., Griffiths, D.J. (2004) ICS standard for digital exchange of urodynamic study data. Neurourology and Urodynamics; 23: 280-281.

National Women's Health Information Center (NWHIC—USA). Interstitial Cystitis. Office on Women's Health, US Department of Health and Human Services. http://4women.gov/faq/intcyst.htm (Accessed 10.10.2006)

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NICE (November 2005) Intramural urethral bulking procedures for stress urinary incontinence in women - information for the public. NHS: London. Ref: IPG138. http://www.nice.org.uk/page.aspx?o=IPG138publicinfo (Accessed 04.12.2006)

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Perry, S. et al. Prevalence of faecal incontinence in adults aged 40 years or more living in the community. Gut 2002; 50: 480-484. http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/50/4/480. (Abstract available. Article accessed 17.01.2006)

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Sacco, E. (2006) Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: incidence by definition, risk factors and temporal trend in a large series with a long-term follow-up. BJU International; 97, 1234-1241.

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WebMD. Survey shows less than half of patients will consider Seeing a Doctor. WebMD Medical News. January 20.01.2006. http://www.webmd.com/content/article/117/112703 (Accessed 28.11.2006)

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